until now, little is known about the ecosystem status and foodweb structure of TSL, since the interactions of biodiversity within anecosystem are very complex (Baran and Myschowoda, 2008; Baranet al., 2007; Van Zalinge et al., 2001). Recent studies have shownthat TSL fisheries exert over exploitation. Subsequently, multiplesignificant indicators have shown that the system, previously hometo many giant catfishes, giant barbs and stingrays, is now dom-inated by small and low value species (Cooperman et al., 2012;Enomoto et al., 2011), questioning the sustainability of the fish-eries in the lake. As a matter of fact, overfishing can impact thefood web structure and change the abundance of predators thatcan alter the prey abundance leading to a cascade of trophic effects(Sala et al., 1998). It is believed that the more an ecosystem is largeand complex, the greater its vulnerability (MacDougall et al., 2013).Nevertheless, what do we know about the ecological interac-tions of the TSL ecosystem, how can we optimise managementof the natural resources and maintain a healthy ecosystem? Toaddress these issues, a holistic ecological understanding is funda-mental contributing to balancing productivity and maintaining thehealth of ecosystems in response to present needs. The food webis one of the key components in an ecosystem and ecologists havebeen struggling for centuries to understand the real trophic inter-actions among its living organisms (Ings et al., 2009). Food webstructure and interactions play a decisive role in determining thedynamics of an ecosystem, and are of interest in many ecologi-cal studies (Kitchell et al., 2000). This knowledge contributes notonly to maintaining the stability and sustainability of ecosystemfunctioning, but also to the conservation and management of theecosystem to mitigate the present and future needs for feeding (VanWorm and Duffy, 2003).