The two studies reported above do appear to substantiate that a matchup between a spokesperson’s characteristics and a product at- tribute has the potential to bring about a change in spokesperson and product schemas. The results of the first experiment appear to show that a matchup can produce a unique meaning that is transferable to a schema. In this instance, a match between spokesperson muscularity and products related to muscularity or masculinity appeared to facili- tate the transfer to the schema ofthe spokesperson of the information that the spokesperson knew about the product. Consistent with the idea that the information originated with a match, this new information contained references to both the spokesperson and the product. In gen- eral, as muscularity increased, and presumably greater congruence oc- curred between spokesperson trait and product attribute, the greater the perceived knowledge appeared to be. The (almost cliche) linkage between perceived knowledge about muscular and masculine categories of products and muscularity suggests that some type of cultural ster- eotype regarding muscular (or nonmuscular) persons may have been evoked by the treatments. It may be that part of the schema for a product category, before exposure, contains a stereotype of the type of person who would know about products in that category. If this is true, the critical match may be between this stereotype attached to the product schema, as the relevant product attribute, and the visual image (or other meaning) conveyed by the spokesperson. In the second experiment, the point of congruence was not the seem- ingly obvious match between the muscular strength or power of the spokesperson and the strength dimensions of the product. Had this been the critical match, the effects would have been limited to specific types of products (i.e., those having strength attributes). Instead, the match appears to have been between the increased stamina associated with a muscular, healthy person and a more prevalent durability or stamina attribute of products. The observance of a durability effect rather than a strength effect may be directly related to the execution style of the treatment advertisements. In the pictures used in these advertisements, the spokesperson is standing, facing the camera in a nondynamic, mo- tionless pose. This pose simply may have not exhibited the muscular strength (or nonstrength) of the spokesperson to any significant degree. Instead, the variation between the photographs in the treatments that conveyed different degrees of durability may have been the differences in the muscle mass of the spokesperson.