In this study, the increase in starch intake when cows were fed the 100% CS diet is considered as the main factor that induced changes in the ruminal environment, digestibility, and hence, CH4 production. In vitro work showed that fermentation of starch produced less CH4 per gram of fermented OM compared with sucrose, fructans, hemicellulose, and pectin, or nonlignified fiber (Hindrichsen et al., 2004). Aguerre et al. (2011) reduced the dietary starch content and increased the fiber concentration by increasing the proportion of forage in dairy cow diets and reported an increase in CH4 (expressed as grams per day per kilogram of DMI or per kilogram of milk yield). Feeding cows the 100% CS diet led to an acidic ruminal environment (pH averaging 6.07; 9 h/d at pH
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