The purpose of the current study was to further examine the effect of handle orientation and hand location on uni-manual arm strength for several exertion directions. This study fills a gap in the current knowledge by examining how maximum end-effector force can be af- fected by the orientation of the handle at several locations throughout the reach envelope. This research will guide future strategies that can be applied to estimations of MAS, to more accurately accommodate the strength of the working population for increasingly complex task con- ditions.