The research was conducted on patients in only 1 ICU of a university hospital. Hence, the study results could be generalizable only to the ICU in question. In the present study, population was determined as the individuals whose extubation was unplanned. However,because only unplanned extubation of oral endotracheal tubes occurred, only the patients whose intubation was orotracheal were involved in both case (unplanned extubation) and control groups. Therefore, there is need for a further study that would involve other patients intubated in ways other than orotracheal. Also, the issue about patients’ restraint status was not addressed in this article.