Figure 10 presents a theoretical framework to address the needs of effective disaster response, enhanced collaboration and improved SA. High level of SA facilitate response and collaboration among responders, and vice versa resulting in better performance. It highlights various structural holes (e.g. individual, team and organizational distance). These are week connections that could hinder responder’s opportunities to get more information, resources and proper decision. During disaster response operations decisions have to be made in parallel and actions have to be taken in real time. This requires the responder to maintain a rather accurate overall awareness of the process managed on a continuous basis. In addition, it is desirable that this continuous