These unexpected findings for psychopathy appear inconsistent with other published reports that found no evidence of cognitive control deficits in psychopathic offenders. Such results are particularly surprising as psychopathy is often associated with reduced rather than hypersensitivity to contextual cues that contraindicate their ongoing goal-directed behavior. Understanding the discrepancies between the findings of the current study and prior research is necessary to develop a more nuanced and comprehensive picture of the common and unique cognitive deficits related to psychopathy and APD.