More specifically, during bone repair after trauma, bone healing depends on interactions between specific signaling inflammatory cytokines and non-resident and eventual cells (such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocyte-macrophage lineage),8 requiring ECM remodeling by specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Generally, MMPs are an important family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases and are the major class of enzymes responsible for the degradation or resorption of all ECM components (Figure 1).9–15 MMP targets include other proteases, protease inhibitors, blood coagulation factors, chemotactic molecules, latent growth factors, binding protein growth factor, cell surface receptors, and cell adhesion molecules.16–19 At this stage, bone remodeling is necessary for the homeostasis of systemic calcium release, bone turnover, and repair/regeneration of injured bone.20