Historically, in the first wave of globalization of the second half of the 1 9 h century until 1914 or so, the expansion of international trade and capital mobility, becauseofreducedtransportcosts,camealongwithmassmigration. Inthatperiod,the direction of the migration flows was mainly from Europe to Argentina, Australia, Brazil, the U.S. and Canada. An important effect of international migration in that period was to contribute to convergence of per capita national income levels and factor prices in the "Atlantic Economy" in that period.