Transport through membranes occurs

Transport through membranes occurs through small openings in the membrane material. Although the sizes of these openings range widely (sometimes even within a single membrane), two extreme cases can be considered. At one extreme are membranes in which fluid moves predominantly by advection through distinct pores. Most of the contaminant rejection achieved by these porous membranes occurs at the membrane surface, although some contaminants might enter the pores and get trapped before they exit. Porous membranes typically remove particles and most colloids, and those with the smallest pores can remove large molecules as well.At the other extreme are so-called dense or nonporous membranes, in which distinct pores are not discernible even when the membranes are scrutinized at high magnification.These membranes are used to achieve efficient removal of small molecules from solution. Dense membranes are commonly modeled as a homogeneous, nonaqueous phase into which molecules dissolve on the feed side and from whichthey elute on the permeate side.

結果 (繁體中文) 1:

通過膜的輸送通過在所述膜材料的小開口會發生。雖然這些開口的尺寸範圍廣泛（有時甚至在單個膜），兩個極端的情況下可以考慮。在一個極端的是膜，其中由平流流體移動主要是通過不同的孔。大多數這些多孔膜實現了污染物排斥發生在膜表面，但也有一些污染物會進入毛孔，他們退出之前被困。多孔膜通常去除顆粒並且最膠體，和那些具有最小的孔可以除去大的分子以及。


在另一個極端是所謂密集或無孔膜，在不同的毛孔都沒有，即使膜在高倍鏡下仔細檢查可辨。
這些膜用於實現有效地去除從溶液的小分子。緻密膜通常建模為均質的，非水相在其中分子在進料側和溶解從
它們洗脫在滲透側。

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

g yg tu koj hlub ce koj yuav cia nco xwb lo

結果 (繁體中文) 3:

通過膜的運輸是通過膜資料中的小開口進行的。儘管這些開口的尺寸範圍很廣（有時甚至在單個膜內），但可以考慮兩種極端情况。一個極端是膜，其中流體主要通過不同的孔隙通過平流運動。這些多孔膜對污染物的截留大部分發生在膜表面，儘管有些污染物可能進入孔中並在離開之前被截留。多孔膜通常能去除顆粒和大部分膠體，那些具有最小孔隙的膜也能去除大分子。
另一個極端是所謂的緻密或無孔膜，在這種膜中，即使在高倍鏡下觀察膜，也看不到明顯的孔。
這些膜用於有效地去除溶液中的小分子。稠密的膜通常被類比成一個均勻的非水相，分子在進料側溶解並從中
它們在滲透側洗脫。