Buildings located near surface trains and subways are subjected to surface train and subway-induced vibrations. Cutting edge technologies in laboratories and precision manufacturing facilities often include operation of vibration sensitive equipment. Human comfort in the form of feelable vibrations and audible noise in residential and office buildings is also a concern. It is thus imperative to reduce these vibrations inside buildings to acceptable levels with the design of an efficient vibration mitigation system. Incorpo- ration of a vibration mitigation system in a building in design phase requires prior understanding and characterization of subway and surface train-induced base excitations of buildings before and after the construction of a structure to meet serviceability criteria.