Precise evaluation of the duration of geomagneticexcursions has become的繁體中文翻譯

Precise evaluation of the duration

Precise evaluation of the duration of geomagneticexcursions has become a point of interest since theproposal of Gubbins (1999) that, during excursions,the geomagnetic field reverses polarity in the Earth’sliquid outer core but that this outer-core field doesnot persist for long enough in a reversed polaritystate for diffusion of the field into the solid innercore. Diffusion times of 3 ky for the inner core, therefore, provide a prediction for excursion duration. It is not trivial to determine excursion durationsof a few kiloyears in the geologic record. Only incases where astronomical tuning is possible to thelevel of orbital precession can we expect durationsof the order of thousands of years to be adequatelyresolved. Interpolation, assuming constant sedimentation rates, among tie points matching an oxygenisotope record to an (astronomically tuned) isotopetarget curve is unlikely to provide duration estimatesof sufficient precision. Radiometric (40Ar/39Ar orK/Ar) ages are also unlikely to have realistic uncertainties within a few kiloyears, limiting their utilityfor estimating the duration of excursions.Nonetheless, for the Laschamp excursion, Laj et al.(2000) presented a duration estimate of 1500 yearsbased on correlation of marine cores to the GISP2(Greenland) layer-counted ice-core record. Here,correlation among the NAPIS-75 cores was achievedthrough correlation of the susceptibility records(Kissel et al., 1999), and the oxygen isotope recordfrom one of the cores provided a correlation toGISP2 (Voelker et al., 1998). Approximately, thesame duration estimate was obtained from each ofthe five NAPIS-75 cores that record the excursion.As these cores are spread over a distance of about5000 km, it is unlikely that the duration estimate isaffected by local changes in the sediment depositionrate at the time of the excursion. Further evidence forthe duration of the Laschamp excursion is obtainedfrom the record of flux of 36Cl in the GRIP ice core.Wagner et al. (2000) showed that variations in 36Clflux (assumed to be entirely due to modulation by thegeomagnetic field) are similar (in inverse sense) tochanges in geomagnetic field intensity (e.g.,Figure 6). A duration estimate of 1500 years for the 36Cl anomaly, corresponding to the paleointensityminimum associated with the Laschamp excursion,supports the excursion duration determined frompaleomagnetic records. The 36Cl flux ice-core recordalso indicates that a second peak, associated with theMono Lake excursion, has approximately the sameduration, about 1500–2000 years (on the GRIP–GISP age model).
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Precise evaluation of the duration of geomagnetic<br>excursions has become a point of interest since the<br>proposal of Gubbins (1999) that, during excursions,<br>the geomagnetic field reverses polarity in the Earth’s<br>liquid outer core but that this outer-core field does<br>not persist for long enough in a reversed polarity<br>state for diffusion of the field into the solid inner<br>core. Diffusion times of 3 ky for the inner core, therefore, provide a prediction for excursion duration. It is not trivial to determine excursion durations<br>of a few kiloyears in the geologic record. Only in<br>cases where astronomical tuning is possible to the<br>level of orbital precession can we expect durations<br>of the order of thousands of years to be adequately<br>resolved. Interpolation, assuming constant sedimentation rates, among tie points matching an oxygen<br>isotope record to an (astronomically tuned) isotope<br>target curve is unlikely to provide duration estimates<br>of sufficient precision. Radiometric (40Ar/39Ar or<br>K/Ar) ages are also unlikely to have realistic uncertainties within a few kiloyears, limiting their utility<br>for estimating the duration of excursions.<br>Nonetheless, for the Laschamp excursion, Laj et al.<br>(2000) presented a duration estimate of 1500 years<br>based on correlation of marine cores to the GISP2<br>(Greenland) layer-counted ice-core record. Here,<br>correlation among the NAPIS-75 cores was achieved<br>through correlation of the susceptibility records<br>(Kissel et al., 1999), and the oxygen isotope record<br>from one of the cores provided a correlation to<br>GISP2 (Voelker et al., 1998). Approximately, the<br>same duration estimate was obtained from each of<br>the five NAPIS-75 cores that record the excursion.<br>As these cores are spread over a distance of about<br>5000 km, it is unlikely that the duration estimate is<br>affected by local changes in the sediment deposition<br>rate at the time of the excursion. Further evidence for<br>the duration of the Laschamp excursion is obtained<br>from the record of flux of 36Cl in the GRIP ice core.<br>Wagner et al. (2000) showed that variations in 36Cl<br>通量(假定為完全是由於由所述調製<br>磁場)是相似的(在逆感測),以<br>在地磁場強度的變化(例如,<br>圖6)。1500年為36Cl的持續時間估計異常,對應於paleointensity <br>與Laschamp偏移相關的最小,<br>支持從所確定的持續時間偏移<br>古地記錄。該36Cl通量冰芯記錄<br>還表示第二個高峰期,與相關的<br>莫諾湖遊覽,具有大致相同的<br>時間,大約1500-2000年(在手柄- <br>GISP時代的模式)。
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地磁持續時間的精確評估<br>遊覽已成為一個興趣點,因為<br>古賓斯的建議(1999年),在遊覽期間,<br>地磁場反轉地球極性<br>液體外芯,但這個外芯場<br>在反轉極性中持續足夠長的時間<br>將場擴散到固體內部的狀態<br>核心。因此,內芯的擴散時間為 3 ky,為偏移持續時間提供了預測。確定遊覽持續時間並非易事<br>幾千年的地質記錄。僅在<br>的情況下,天文調諧是可能的<br>軌道前向水準,我們可以預期持續時間<br>數千年的順序是充分的<br>解決。插值,假設恒定沉積速率,在匹配氧氣的配合點之間<br>同位素記錄到(天文調諧)同位素<br>目標曲線不太可能提供持續時間估計值<br>足夠的精度。輻射(40Ar/39Ar 或<br>K/Ar) 年齡也不太可能在幾年內出現現實的不確定性,從而限制了其效用<br>用於估計遊覽的持續時間。<br>儘管如此,對於拉尚遊覽,拉傑等人。<br>(2000年)提出了1500年的持續時間估計數<br>基於海洋核心與GISP2的相關性<br>(綠地)層計數冰芯記錄。這裡<br>實現了NAPIS-75內核之間的相關性<br>通過敏感性記錄的相關性<br>(基塞爾等人,1999年),和氧同位素記錄<br>從一個核心提供了一個相關性<br>地理資訊系統2(Voelker等人,1998年)。大約,<br>相同的持續時間估計從每個<br>記錄這次旅行的五個 NAPIS-75 核心。<br>由於這些內核分佈在大約<br>5000 公里,持續時間估計不太可能是<br>受沉積物沉積局部變化的影響<br>在遊覽時率。進一步的證據<br>獲得拉尚遊覽的持續時間<br>從GRIP冰芯中36Cl的通量記錄。<br>瓦格納等人(2000年)顯示,36Cl的變化<br>通量(假定完全由於調製<br>地磁場)與(在逆義中)相似<br>地磁場強度的變化(例如,<br>圖 6)。36Cl異常的持續時間估計值為1500年,與古強度相對應<br>與拉尚遊覽相關的最小值,<br>支援從<br>古磁記錄。36Cl 通量冰芯記錄<br>還指示與<br>莫諾湖遊覽,大致相同<br>持續時間,約1500~2000年(在GRIP上*<br>GISP 年齡模型)。 ...
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地磁持續時間的精確評估<br>自從<br>Gubbins(1999)的建議,即在出遊期間,<br>地磁場使地球的極性逆轉<br>液體外核,但是這個外核場<br>在反極性中持續時間不够長<br>場向固體內部擴散的狀態<br>覈心。內核擴散時間為3ky,囙此,提供了漂移持續時間的預測。確定出遊時間並非易事<br>有幾千年的地質記錄。只有在<br>天文學調諧有可能<br>軌道進動的水准我們能期望持續時間嗎<br>幾千年的時間<br>斷然的。假設恒定沉降速率,在與氧氣匹配的連接點之間進行插值<br>同位素記錄到(天文調諧的)同位素<br>目標曲線不太可能提供持續時間估計<br>足够精確。輻射(40Ar/39Ar或<br>K/Ar)年齡也不太可能在幾千年內有現實的不確定性,從而限制了它們的效用<br>估計出遊時間。<br>儘管如此,對於Lascham遠足,Laj等人。<br>(2000)提出了1500年的持續時間估計<br>基於海洋岩芯與GISP2的相關性<br>(格陵蘭)冰層計數冰芯記錄。在這裡,<br>實現了NAPIS-75核之間的相關性<br>通過敏感性記錄的相關性<br>(Kissel等人,1999),和氧同位素記錄<br>其中一個覈心提供了<br>GISP2(Voelker等人,1998年)。大約<br>從每個<br>五個NAPIS-75覈心記錄了這次旅行。<br>因為這些覈心分佈在大約<br>5000公里,估計不太可能<br>受泥沙淤積局部變化的影響<br>出遊時的價格。進一步的證據<br>得到了雷射束漂移的持續時間<br>根據抓握冰芯36Cl的流量記錄。<br>瓦格納等人。(2000)表明36Cl的變化<br>磁通量(假設完全由<br>地磁場)與<br>地磁場强度的變化(例如。,<br>圖6)。36Cl异常的持續時間估計為1500年,與古强度相對應<br>與Lascham遠足相關的最小值,<br>支持從<br>古地磁記錄。36Cl通量冰芯記錄<br>也表示第二個峰值,與<br>莫諾湖遊覽,大致相同<br>持續時間,約1500-2000年(抓握-<br>GISP年齡模型)。<br>
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