The spatial orientation ability is

The spatial orientation ability is very important for peoples’ everyday life, as well as for their distinction to the sector of athletics, which depends on many endogenous and extraneous factors. The aim of present research was to study the effect of gender and athletic occupation in the orientation ability of children (boys and girls) of age 4 to 5 years old. On this survey participated 400 children who were evaluated with the “Witeba-Test of Spatial Orientation, (Temple, Williams and Bateman, 1979)”. Data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA (gender x athletic occupation). The results revealed nonsignificant differences between boys and girls, between the children that did or did not participate in sports and no interaction either (p > 0.05). By inference, from the present study it appeared that the ability of orientation consists an inherent feature which at least during the early years of children’s development, is not affected by the above factors.

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

空間定位能力對於人們的日常生活以及對體育部門的區別非常重要，因為體育部門依賴于許多內生因素和外在因素。本研究的目的是研究性別和運動職業對4至5歲兒童（男孩和女孩）定向能力的影響。在這次調查中，有400名兒童接受了"空間定向測試（Temple、Williams和Bateman，1979年）"的評估。資料被分析與雙向ANOVA（性別x運動職業）。結果顯示，男孩和女孩之間、參加或沒有參加體育運動的兒童之間沒有互動之間沒有顯著差異（p = 0.05）。從本研究看來，定向能力是一個內在特徵，至少在兒童發展初期，不受上述因素影響。

結果 (繁體中文) 3:

空間定向能力對於人們的日常生活以及與體育領域的區別都有著重要的意義，這取決於許多內生和外生因素。本研究旨在探討性別與運動職業對4-5歲兒童（男、女）定向能力的影響。在這項調查中，400名兒童參加了“Witeba空間定向測驗（Temple，Williams and Bateman，1979）”的評估。資料採用2項方差分析（性別x運動職業）進行分析。結果顯示，男女兒童之間、參加或不參加體育活動的兒童之間、不參與體育活動的兒童之間均無顯著性差异（p>0.05）。由此推斷，從本研究看來，定向能力是一個內在的特徵，至少在兒童發育的早期，不受上述因素的影響。