All cows were scored for body condition, gait, and hock at the time of enrollment in the study. Body condition was scored on a 5-point scale from thin (1) to obese (5) as outlined by Edmonson et al. (1989). Cows were later categorized as thin (≤2.50), average (=2.75), or moderate (≥3.00). Lameness was scored on a 5-point scale from sound (1) to severely lame (5) as outlined by Flower and Weary (2006). Cows were later classified as sound (≤2) and lame (≥3). Hock lesions were scored on a 4-point scale modified from the Hock Assessment Chart for Cattle developed by Cornell Cooperative Extension (http://hdl.handle.net/1813/ 36913) as follows: (1) no swelling and without balding, (2) minor swelling without balding, (3) minor to moderate swelling with bald area, and (4) severe swelling with bald area, with or without broken or scabbed skin. As the incidence of hock lesions of ≥3 was only 1.8%, not enough variation was present, and the variable was removed from the study.