Our delinition and conceptualization is influenced by sociocultural history dlacators and rans contrary to many points made by those who promote a more pssonate zpproach that maintains fidelity to the historical method. However, we also believe that asking students to empathize without engaging in fully half at empathy's core dispositions fails to account for the power that fear; love, anger, Sope pride, greed, or any number of emotions has on one's decision making. The alfective dimension of historical empathy can help students to humanize histori- cal Sgures, appreciate their "shared normalcy" (Barton & Levstik, 2004), and derstand why seemingly rational people sometimes act in wholly Irratlonal ways. Therefore, we reprise our assertion that