Of 160 dyads (n = 76 TAP-VA; n = 84 control), 111 completed 4-month interviews (n = 51 TAP-VA; n = 60 control), and 103 completed 8-month interviews (n = 50 TAP-VA; n = 53 control). At 4 months, compared to controls, the TAP-VA group showed reductions in number (difference in mean change from baseline = 0.68, 95% CI = 1.23 to 0.13) and frequency by severity ( 24.3, 95% CI = 45.6 to 3.1) of behavioral symptoms, number of activities needing assistance with ( 0.80, 95% CI = 1.41 to 0.20), functional dependence level (4.09, 95% CI = 1.06, 7.13), and pain ( 1.18, 95% CI = 2.10 to 0.26). Caregivers of veterans in TAP-VA reported less behavior-related distress. Benefits did not extend to 8 months.