environmental protection

environmental protection

結果 (繁體中文) 1:

環保

結果 (繁體中文) 2:

Behind the global headlines, the problems relating to WASH differ between industrialised and developing countries. In high- income countries, complete access to drinking water and sanita- tion has been nearly achieved, and thus, the predominant objec- tives are the maintenance and replacement of water supply infrastructures and the improvement of wastewater treatment from urban and industrial discharge (UNESCO, 2015). On the other hand, in developing countries, the provision of drinking water and sanitation does not cover all the population, and thus, the main challenge continues to be ensuring global access (UNESCO, 2015). Furthermore, disparities also exist within developing countries between urban and rural areas. One out of every three people who live in rural environments is still without improved drinking water sources, and two out of every five of these people are without improved sanitation facilities (WHO/UNICEF, 2017). Moreover, due to the rapid growth of the slum populations in the developing world, it is estimated that the urban areas in developing countries will be more vulnerable in the near future (UNESCO, 2015).
The countries with the lowest levels of progress are concen- trated in sub-Saharan Africa (Fig. 2), where nearly half of the population use unimproved drinking water sources, and the ma- jority of the population uses rivers, lakes, ponds, and irrigations canals as their main water source (WHO/UNICEF, 2017). These sources are probably faecally contaminated since 80% of waste- water resulting from human activities in these areas is discharged into surface waters without treatment (Egli and Wehrli, 2010; WWAP, 2017; UNESCO, 2018), thereby exacerbating the risk of waterborne diseases.

結果 (繁體中文) 3:

環境保護