One prominent aspect of the metacognitive or mentalizing abilities network is mindfulness. Mindfulness has mainly been conceptualized as the proneness to be attentive to and aware of what is taking place in one’s inner world in the present, as well as the ability to keep one’s consciousness active to the present reality [29], [30]. Conversely, a lack of awareness for self-related mental states and impairments in the ability to purposefully regulate attention and to deal with upsetting emotions are features of mindfulness deficit which also describe mentalizing and metacognitive failures. Of note, such impairments in mindfulness abilities are consistent with the abovementioned characteristic of ASPD. More specifically, as defined here, mindfulness encompasses the ability to: attend to external and internal sensory stimuli and associated cognitions and emotions; label and describe inner experiences with words; act with awareness of personal motives (i.e., the capacity to pay an ongoing attention and be aware of present activities as they relate to inner experiences); assume a non-judgmental stance toward one’s own thoughts and emotions while thinking about them; and be able to perceive thoughts and feelings – especially if distressing – without feeling overwhelmed or compelled to emotionally react to them [31]. It is therefore warranted to investigate the role of mindfulness measures as an index of dysfunctions in the mentalizing or metacognitive network. To date, the link between mindfulness and ASPD has rarely, to the best of our knowledge, been investigated. Fossati et al. [32] found that mindfulness deficits were related to self-reported (but not clinician-rated) ASPD traits in an outpatient clinical sample. However, full blown ASPD was only marginally represented in that sample, thus limiting the generalizability of these findings.