Other investigators have gone beyond the duality dimen-sion. Sirgy (1979, 1980) referred to actual self-image, ideal self-image, social self-image, and ideal social self-image. The social seif-concept (sometimes referred to as "looking-glass self or "presenting self) has been defined as the image that one believes others hold, while the ideal social self-concept (sometimes referred to as "desired social self) denotes the image that one would like others lo hold (cf. Maheshwari 1974). Hughes and Guerrero (1971) talked about the actual self-concept and tbe ideal social self-con-cept, French and Glaschner (1971) used the actual self-concept, the ideal self-concept, and the "perceived refer-ence group image of self" (this latter concept was never formally defined). Domoff and Tatham (1972) refened to the actual self-concept, ideal self-concept, and "image of