If, when the feet are in normal standing alignment, the atellae face inward, increased femoral antetorsion, increased ateral tibial torsion, or both may be present. Clinically, the fault an be ifferentiated by assessing rotational range of motion of he hips and estimating the degree of tibial torsion by noting he rotational alignment of the malleoli with respect to the atellae and tibial tubercles. In the presence of increased hip ntetorsion, the total range of hip motion will be normal but kewed such that medial rotation is excessive and lateral rotation is restricted proportionally. Similar considerations hold for a situation in which the patellae face outward when the feet are normally aligned; femoral retrotorsion, medial tibial torsion, or both are likely to exist.