Jan Ernst Matzeliger was an inventor of Surinamese and Dutch descent best known for patenting the shoe lasting machine, which made footwear more affordable.
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FAMOUS SURINAMERS
FAMOUS PEOPLE WHO DIED IN MASSACHUSETTS
FAMOUS PEOPLE WHO DIED IN 1889
FAMOUS PEOPLE WHO DIED IN LYNN
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Synopsis
Jan Matzeliger was born in Paramaribo (now Suriname) in 1852. Matzeliger settled in the United States in 1873 and trained as a shoemaker. In 1883, he patented a shoe lasting machine that increased the availability of shoes and decreased the price of footwear. He died of tuberculosis on August 24, 1889.
Early Life
Jan Ernst Matzeliger was born on September 15, 1852, in Paramaribo, Suriname—known at the time as Dutch Guiana. Matzeliger's father was a Dutch engineer, and his mother was Surinamese. Showing mechanical aptitude at a young age, Matzeliger began working in machine shops supervised by his father at the age of 10. At 19, he left Suriname to see the world as a sailor on an East Indian merchant ship. In 1873, he settled in Philadelphia.
Invention of the Lasting Machine
After settling in the United States, Matzeliger worked for several years to learn English. As a dark-skinned man, his professional options were limited, and he struggled to make a living in Philadelphia. In 1877, Matzeliger moved to Lynn, Massachusetts, to seek work in the town's rapidly growing shoe industry. He found a position as an apprentice in a shoe factory. Matzeliger learned the cordwaining trade, which involved crafting shoes almost entirely by hand.
Cordwainers made molds of customers' feet, called "lasts," with wood or stone. The shoes were then sized and shaped according to the molds. The process of shaping and attaching the body of the shoe to its sole was done entirely by hand with "hand lasters." This was considered the most difficult and time-consuming stage of assembly. Since the final step in the process was mechanized, the lack of mechanization of the penultimate stage, the lasting, created a significant bottleneck.
Matzeliger set out to find a solution to the problems he discerned in the shoemaking process. He thought there had to be a way to develop an automatic method for lasting shoes. He began coming up with designs for machines that could do the job. After experimenting with several models, he applied for a patent on a "lasting machine."
On March 20, 1883, Matzeliger received patent number 274,207 for his machine. The mechanism held a shoe on a last, pulled the leather down around the heel, set and drove in the nails, and then discharged the completed shoe. It had the capacity to produce 700 pairs of shoes a day—more than 10 times the amount typically produced by human hands.
Matzeliger's lasting machine was an immediate success. In 1889, the Consolidated Lasting Machine Company was formed to manufacture the devices, with Matzelinger receiving a large amount of stock in the organization. After Matzeliger's death, the United Shoe Machinery Company acquired his patent.
Death and Legacy
Matzeliger's shoe lasting machine increased shoe production tremendously. The result was the employment of more unskilled workers and the proliferation of low-cost, high-quality footwear for people around the world. Unfortunately, Matzeliger was able to enjoy his success for only a short time. He contracted tuberculosis in 1886 and died on August 24, 1889, at the age of 37, in Lynn. In 1991, the United States government issued a "Black Heritage" postage stamp in Matzeliger's honor.
Jan Ernst 客地是苏里南和荷兰人后裔最出名的是专利鞋持久的机器,使鞋类更实惠的发明家。这些组中著名的 SURINAMERS著名的人死于马萨诸塞州在 1889 年去世的名人著名的人死于琳显示所有组简介1852 年,Jan 客地生于帕拉马里博 (现在苏里南)。在 1873年和训练成一个鞋匠客地定居在美国。1883 年,他获得专利持久的机器,增加鞋子的可用性并降低鞋类价格一只鞋。他在 1889 年 8 月 24 日死于肺结核。早期的生活Jan Ernst 客地出生于 1852 年 9 月 15 日,在苏里南帕拉马里博 — — 作为荷属圭亚那时已知。客地的父亲是一名荷兰工程师,和他的母亲是苏里南。在年轻的时候显示的机械才能,客地开始从事机商店在 10 岁时由他的父亲。19 岁时,他离开了苏里南看到东印度商船水手世界船舶。1873 年,他在费城定居。持久机器发明在美国定居后, 客地工作好几年学英语。作为一个黑皮肤的人,他的职业的选择是有限的和他挣扎着要在费城谋生。1877 年,客地搬到 Lynn,马萨诸塞州,寻求在该镇迅速的鞋行业工作。他发现在一家鞋厂当学徒的位置。客地学 cordwaining 贸易,涉及几乎完全由手工制作的鞋子。Cordwainers 使模具的客户的脚,被称为"持续,"用木头和石头。这双鞋了然后大小和形状根据模具。塑造和附加到其鞋底的鞋身的过程进行完全手工"手 lasters"。这被认为是大会的最困难、 最耗时的阶段。因为在过程中的最后一步机械化,机械化的倒数第二个阶段,持久、 缺乏创建一个重大瓶颈。客地出发去寻找问题的解决办法他察觉在制鞋过程中。他认为必须有开展持久鞋一种自动方法的途径。他开始可以做这项工作的机器的设计上来。后几种模型的实验,他申请了专利上一个"持久的机器"。1883 年 3 月 20 日,客地收到专利号 274,207,他的机器。机制鞋举行最后一次皮革推倒在脚跟周围设置和开车在钉、、 然后出院已完成的鞋。它有能力生产 700 双鞋一天 — — 10 倍量通常由人类的手。客地的持久机是一个立即的成功。1889 年,巩固持久机公司成立制造设备,与 Matzelinger 在本组织接受了大量的股票。客地的死后,联合制鞋机械公司获得了他的专利。Death and LegacyMatzeliger's shoe lasting machine increased shoe production tremendously. The result was the employment of more unskilled workers and the proliferation of low-cost, high-quality footwear for people around the world. Unfortunately, Matzeliger was able to enjoy his success for only a short time. He contracted tuberculosis in 1886 and died on August 24, 1889, at the age of 37, in Lynn. In 1991, the United States government issued a "Black Heritage" postage stamp in Matzeliger's honor.
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