We found a preventive effect (fewer behavioral symptoms at 4 months for TAP-VA participants than controls), a maintenance effect (TAP-VA caregivers provided assistance with a similar number of ADLs at 4 months whereas controls reported increases in assistance required), reductions in frequency by severity of behaviors and pain, and slowing of functional dependence. TAP-VA also benefited caregivers by reducing distress with behavior.Results are consistent with those of other TAP trials (initial pilot, TAP-hospital, TAP Brazil, TAP-Australia), extending reported benefits to pain and functional dependence. It is disappointing that 4-month benefits did not endure to 8 months, yet expectations for long-term effects may be unrealistic without repeated exposure to the treatment (activity engagement). Unlike pharmacotherapies, activity use depends upon caregivers. We could not determine whether caregivers discontinued activity use or activities needed modifications.