Performance expectancy refers to the extent to which an individual believes that their job performance can be enhanced by the new system or technology (Venkatesh et al., 2003). In the context of MALL, it refers to the belief held by language learners that mobile devices promote language performance and learning gain. Performance expectancy is employed as perceived usefulness in TAM/TAM2 and C-TAM-TPB, extrinsic motivation in MM, job-fit in MPCU, relative advantage in IDT, and outcome expectation in SCT. Performance expectancy was the most powerful predictor of intention in the literature (Botero et al., 2019; Chan, Chi, Chin, & Lin, 2011; Hao et al., 2017; Venkatesh et al., 2003), and an important component in technology acceptance in educational contexts (Lin et al., 2013; Moran, Hawkes, & El Gayar, 2010; Tan, 2013, pp. 1–12). Therefore, the following hypothesis was adopted: