The antimicrobial properties of EOs are mostly related to the individual susceptibility of bacteria. The promising antimicrobial activity of EOs has encouraged researchers to use them along with nanomaterials, essential oils of other plants, essential oil components, and antibiotics as potential antimicrobial agents. Encapsulation simultaneously increases the antimicrobial potency of essential oils by controlled/sustained release and facilitating close interaction with the microorganisms. There is a lack of detailed knowledge about the mechanism of the individual essential oil components which thus attributes to our superficial understanding of governing synergy and antagonism. Therefore, research in the future should thus explore the mechanism of individual essential oil components, along with an initiation in systematically investigating the synergy mechanisms among different components. Therefore, new strategies for nano-encapsulation and synergistic studies can provide an interesting platform in the near future for this area of research.