Randomisation and blinding Participants recruited to the trial underwent baseline assessment prior to allocation being revealed. No further recruitment took place in a home once allocation was known. All follow up measures were performed by an assessor not involved in the delivery of the intervention. It was not possible for them to be fully blinded to group allocation as they visited care homes where staff were aware of allocation. Randomisation was computer generated and stratified by the presence of nursing beds in the home. The Clinical Trials Unit at King’s College London ran the randomisation process and revealed allocation when requested by the chief investigator. Allocation was revealed in “blocks” of two homes at a time. Intervention The intervention consisted of two linked processes. Firstly, all participants underwent a multifactorial fall risk assessment (MFRA) designed to identify the risk factors demonstrated in our previous prospective cohort study[5, 7]. Secondly, the “therapeutic” intervention which had two approaches: one was aimed at modifying the identified impairments of an individual participant; the other was aimed at impacting the individual’s risk by altering their environment or the care provided for them by the care home staff. Care homes randomised to usual care and their individual participants received neither the assessment nor the therapeutic interventions. Table 1 provides details of the assessments included in the MFRA to identify the risk factor and the intervention delivered to target each of the identified risk factors